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  • SSNM approach
  • SSNM in three steps
  • Initial concept of SSNM
  • Current version of the SSNM approach
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  • Principles of N management
  • Background on making an N Recommendation
  • Using the SSNM approach to formulate locally adapted N recommendation
  • Using the Leaf Color Chart (LCC) for fertilizer N management
  • FAQs on N Management
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  • Principles of P and K management
  • Background on making P and K recommendations
  • Using SSNM approach to formulate P recommendations
  • Using SSNM approach to formulate K recommendations
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  • Bangladesh
  • China
  • India
  • Indonesia
  • Myanmar
  • Philippines
  • Vietnam
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  • Introduction to SSNM version 1.1
  • N management
  • P&K management
  • Implementing SSNM recommendations
  • Making an SSNM recommendation for rice
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  • SSNM: an approach for optimizing nutrient use in intensive rice production
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  • Nutrient omission plot
  • Potassium addition plot
  • Zinc addition plot

Leaf Color Chart (LCC) for Fertilizer N Management in Rice 

Download LCC Version 1.2 [PDF 65KB]

The leaf color chart (LCC) is an easy-to-use and inexpensive diagnostic tool for monitoring the relative greenness of a rice leaf as an indicator of the plant N status (Alam et al. 2005).

Leaf N status of rice is closely related to photosynthetic rate and biomass production, and it is a sensitive indicator of changes in crop N demand within a growing season. A tool to rapidly assess leaf N status and thereby guide the application of fertilizer N to maintain an optimal leaf N content can consequently be vital for achieving high rice yield with effective N management. A chlorophyll meter provides a rapid and non-destructive method for estimating leaf N content (Peng et al. 1996), but its high cost prevents its use by farmers. The LCC is an inexpensive and easy-to-use alternative. 

The LCC is usually a plastic, ruler-shaped strip containing four or more panels that range in color from yellowish green to dark green. Several types of LCCs with varying shades of color have been developed and distributed to rice farmers. This created uncertainties regarding which LCC to use and led to requests for a standardized LCC that serves as a reference in cross calibrating threshold values among LCCs. In October 2003, the External Review Panel of the Irrigated Rice Research Consortium recommended “standardization of the LCC with harmonized color formula accompanied by calibration with local rice leaf characteristics and training of extension workers and farmers to use the LCC … as soon as possible”. IRRI in collaboration with the University of California Cooperative Extension soon afterwards released a standardized LCC with improved quality assurance for the reproducibility of colors and enhanced matching of the colors to the reflectance spectra of rice leaves (Witt et al. 2005). The standardized LCC (photo above) is five inches long, made of high-quality plastic, consisting of four color shades from yellowish green (No. 2) to dark green (No. 5). The color strips are fabricated with veins resembling rice leaves.

References 

Alam MM, Ladha JK, Rahman Khan S, Foyjunnessa, Harun-ur-Rashid, Khan AH, Buresh RJ. 2005. Leaf color chart for managing nitrogen fertilizer in lowland rice in Bangladesh. Agron. J. 97:949–959.

Peng S, Garcia FV, Laza RC, Sanico AL, Visperas RM, Cassman KG. 1996. Increased N-use efficiency using a chlorophyll meter on high-yielding irrigated rice. Field Crops Res. 47:243–252.

Witt C, Buresh RJ, Peng S,  Balasubramanian V, Dobermann A. 2007. Nutrient management. In: Fairhurst TH, Witt C, Buresh R, Dobermann A, eds. Rice: A practical guide to nutrient management. Los Baños (Philippines) and Singapore: International Rice Research Institute(IRRI), International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI), and International Potash Institute (IPI).  p 1-45.

Witt C, Pasuquin JMCA, Mutters R, Buresh RJ. 2005. New leaf color chart for effective nitrogen management in rice. Better Crops 89 (no. 1):36–39.

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