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GREECE, in the eastern Mediterranean, has a total area of 132,000 km2. It is mainly mountainous and there are several islands south of the continental mainland. Surprisingly, arable land is 19% of the total. The population in 1999 was 10.6 million and 23% of the workforce was engaged in agriculture, which forms 8% of the GDP.
General information
- GNI per capita PPP$, 2000: 16,860
- Internal renewable water resources: 45.1 km3
- Incoming water flow: 13.5 km3
- Main food consumed: wheat, oil and fat, meat, milk, sugar and honey
- Rice consumption, 1999: 7.5 kg milled rice per person per year
Production constraints
Rice yield increased substantially during the last five years. There are several constraints to sustainable rice production in Greece:
- Low temperature
- Stagnation of the yield potential of rice varieties
- High production costs
- Blast
- Dependence on external markets for the product
Production season |
|
|
|
Planting |
Harvesting |
Main season |
Apr-May |
Oct-Nov |
Basic statistics, Greece |
|
1985 |
1990 |
1995 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
Rice |
Area harvested (ha) |
16,859 |
16,500 |
26,105 |
25,948 |
22,400 |
23,000 |
Yield (t/ha) |
6.2 |
6.0 |
8.1 |
8.1 |
7.2 |
7.8 |
Production (t) |
103,765 |
99,000 |
211,599 |
208,975 |
161,435 |
180,000 |
Rice imports (t) |
7,410 |
4,673 |
6,433 |
6,793 |
10,067 |
na |
Paddy imports (t) |
125 |
675 |
1,599 |
950 |
984 |
na |
Rice exports (t) |
12,534 |
5,592 |
49,608 |
59,094 |
41,126 |
na |
Paddy exports (t) |
15,464 |
2 |
64,747 |
53,906 |
6,215 |
na |
Others |
Population, total (x103) |
9,934 |
10,220 |
10,489 |
10,600 |
10,626 |
na |
Population, agriculture (x103) |
2,189 |
1,912 |
1,664 |
1,523 |
1,478 |
na |
Agricultural area (x103 ha) |
9,195 |
9,160 |
9,111 |
9,091 |
na |
na |
Irrigated agricultural area (x103 ha) |
1,099 |
1,195 |
1,328 |
1,422 |
na |
na |
Total fertilizer consumption (t) |
685,000 |
685,105 |
505,000 |
486,000 |
na |
na |
Tractors used in agric. (no.) |
183,410 |
215,755 |
236,197 |
241,000 |
na |
na |
Source: FAOSTAT online database. |
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