|
|
 |
PERU faces the Pacific Ocean on the western side of South America. Its 1.3 million km2 area consists of desert coastal areas, with some large irrigated plantations; highlands among the Andes, where about half the population of 25.2 million (1999) lives; and eastern tropical lowlands. Three percent of the land is arable. Agriculture constitutes 13% of the GDP.
General information
- GNI per capita PPP$, 2000: 4,660
- Internal renewable water resources: 400 km3
- Main food consumed: rice, sugar and honey, wheat, roots and tubers, oil and fat
- Rice consumption, 1999: 50.8 kg milled rice per person per year
Production constraints
The following are the major constraints to sustainable rice production in Peru:
- Limited water supply and low temperature; salinity in coastal zones
- Competition from other high-value crops in coastal zones
- Yield potential of present varieties has reached a plateau
- In interior regions, lack of roads and transportation network
- Blast, rice hoja blanca virus, leaf spot, sheath blight
- Weed competition
- Acid soil, aluminum toxicity, and drought stress in the upland system in the Selva Baja
Production season |
|
|
|
Planting |
Harvesting |
Main season |
Jan-Feb |
May-Jun |
Basic statistics, Peru |
|
1985 |
1990 |
1995 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
Rice |
Area harvested (ha) |
192,711 |
184,758 |
203,196 |
269,080 |
311,565 |
300,000 |
Yield (t/ha) |
4.6 |
5.2 |
5.6 |
5.8 |
6.3 |
5.5 |
Production (t) |
878,279 |
966,101 |
1,141,550 |
1,548,780 |
1,955,030 |
1,664,700 |
Rice imports (t) |
22,402 |
239,440 |
196,508 |
256,831 |
149,630 |
na |
Paddy imports (t) |
0 |
503 |
12,360 |
16,300 |
14 |
na |
Rice exports (t) |
10,200 |
11,000 |
0 |
43 |
2,241 |
na |
Paddy exports (t) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
5 |
n |
Others |
Population, total (x103) |
19,492 |
21,569 |
23,532 |
24,797 |
25,230 |
na |
Population, agriculture (x103) |
7,236 |
7,528 |
7,644 |
7,716 |
7,739 |
na |
Agricultural area (x103 ha) |
30,856 |
31,040 |
31,174 |
31,270 |
na |
na |
Irrigated agricultural area (x103 ha) |
1,170 |
1,190 |
1,193 |
1,195 |
na |
na |
Total fertilizer consumption (t) |
74,143 |
125,156 |
163,200 |
190,700 |
na |
na |
Tractors used in agric. (no.) |
12,000 |
12,700 |
13,191 |
13,191 |
na |
na |
Source: FAOSTAT online database. |
Click here for a pdf of this information
back to top
|
