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The UNITED STATES, occupying the central part of North America, faces both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Its 50 states have an area of 9.6 million km2. The population in 1999 was 276.2 million. The country has a wide range of climates; the terrain varies from huge plains to river valleys and mountain ranges. Arable land is 19%of the total. Agriculture is a minor sector, only 2% of the GDP and employing 2.8% of the workforce.
General information
- GNI per capita PPP$, 2000: 34,100
- Internal renewable water resources: 2,478 km3
- Main food consumed: oil and fat, sugar and honey, wheat, meat, milk
- Rice consumption, 1999: 9 kg milled rice per person per year
Production constraints
Rice yield has increased steadily during the last five years. The following are the major constraints to sustainable rice production in the U.S.:
- High production costs
- Low temperature during the early and reproductive stages
- Blast, stem rot, rice water weevils
- Weed and red rice competition
- Yield potential of current varieties has reached a plateau
- Increasing pressure from legislation because of government concern for the environment, especially for the burning of rice straw
Production season |
|
|
|
Planting |
Harvesting |
Main season,Gulf |
Apr-Jun |
Aug-Oct |
Main season,California |
Apr-Jun |
Sep-Nov |
Basic statistics, United States |
|
1985 |
1990 |
1995 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
Rice |
Area harvested (ha) |
1,008,500 |
1,142,400 |
1,251,700 |
1,318,000 |
1,421,300 |
1,232,000 |
Yield (t/ha) |
6.1 |
6.2 |
6.3 |
6.3 |
6.6 |
7.0 |
Production (t) |
6,122,000 |
7,080,000 |
7,887,000 |
8,366,000 |
9,345,000 |
8,669,000 |
Rice imports (t) |
58,897 |
148,270 |
224,338 |
278,592 |
353,644 |
na |
Paddy imports (t) |
271 |
728 |
0 |
12 |
0 |
na |
Rice exports (t) |
1,939,975 |
2,473,948 |
3,083,609 |
3,112,693 |
2,668,066 |
na |
Paddy exports (t) |
75,867 |
194,594 |
553,520 |
1,744,630 |
779,959 |
na |
Others |
Population, total ( x 10 3 ) |
241,855 |
254,076 |
267,020 |
274,028 |
276,218 |
na |
Population, agriculture ( x 10 3 ) |
8,225 |
7,668 |
6,913 |
6,470 |
6,325 |
na |
Agricultural area ( x 10 3 ha) |
431,399 |
426,948 |
418,250 |
418,250 |
na |
na |
Irrigated agricultural area ( x 10 3 ha) |
19,831 |
20,900 |
21,400 |
21,400 |
na |
na |
Total fertilizer consumption (t) |
17,830,541 |
18,586,936 |
20,037,976 |
19,773,802 |
na |
na |
Tractors used in agric. (no.) |
4,670,000 |
4,800,000 |
4,800,000 |
4,800,000 |
na |
na |
Source: FAOSTAT online database. |
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