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URUGUAY ,a relatively small South American country of 177,000 km2, faces the South Atlantic Ocean between Brazil and Argentina. The country consists of fertile coastal lowlands, with rolling hills in the interior. The climate is warm temperate. Seven percent of the land is arable. Of its 3.3 million population,14% is engaged in agriculture, which constitutes 12% of the GDP.
General information
- GNI per capita PPP$, 2000: 8,880
- Internal renewable water resources: 59 km3
- Main food consumed: wheat, meat, sugar and honey, oil and fat, milk
- Rice consumption, 1999: 12.1 kg milled rice per person per year
Production constraints
Both rice production and yield have increased steadily during the last five years. However, there are several constraints to sustainable rice production in Uruguay:
- Low price in the world market
- Dependence on external markets for marketing of rice products
- Straighthead, especially on sandy soils
- Low temperature during the early and/or reproductive phases
- Yield potential of rice varieties has reached a plateau
Production season |
|
|
|
Planting |
Harvesting |
Main season |
Oct-Dec |
Mar-May |
Basic statistics, Uruguay |
|
1985 |
1990 |
1995 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
Rice |
Area harvested (ha) |
84,929 |
78,091 |
146,300 |
180,200 |
206,000 |
185,000 |
Yield (t/ha) |
5.0 |
4.4 |
5.5 |
5.3 |
6.3 |
6.4 |
Production (t) |
420,700 |
347,300 |
806,100 |
949,800 |
1,301,900 |
1,174,800 |
Rice imports (t) |
0 |
6,428 |
63 |
318 |
2,040 |
na |
Paddy imports (t) |
0 |
1,427 |
58 |
460 |
74 |
na |
Rice exports (t) |
241,609 |
290,426 |
462,471 |
659,192 |
699,044 |
na |
Paddy exports (t) |
180 |
4,652 |
67,570 |
138,896 |
118,719 |
na |
Others |
Population, total ( x 10 3 ) |
3,009 |
3,106 |
3,218 |
3,289 |
3,313 |
na |
Population, agriculture ( x 10 3 ) |
408 |
383 |
374 |
369 |
367 |
na |
Agricultural area ( x 10 3 ha) |
14,891 |
14,825 |
14,825 |
14,827 |
na |
na |
Irrigated agricultural area ( x 10 3 ha) |
97 |
125 |
160 |
180 |
na |
na |
Total fertilizer consumption (t) |
60,200 |
71,878 |
66,000 |
133,329 |
na |
na |
Tractors used in agric. (no.) |
34,600 |
32,804 |
33,000 |
33,000 |
na |
na |
Source: FAOSTAT online database. |
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